3个问题：可持续材料生态设计系统

2021年2月22日

3个问题：为什么材料？通过学术界和他们决定在学科上工作和研究他们的社区与他们的道路分享故事。亚搏娱乐网页版登陆在这个问题中，Elsa Olivetti教授股份关于她在可持续发展问题周围的早期兴奋的份额将她带来了研究“事情”和移动，修改和激增世界各地材料的系统。

问：什么将您带到材料科学与工程领域？亚博网站首页

"During the first year of my undergraduate degree at the University of Virginia, I was planning to major in environmental science because of my long standing interest in sustainability. (When I was 8 years old, a Greenpeace canvasser came to my parents’ door and I was the one who answered it. The images he shared, the problems he described, and the opportunity to develop solutions was riveting, I was hooked). Fall of my sophomore year at UVA, I took a class called Environmental Choices taught by architect and author, William McDonough. He described case studies he had done in design and thinking from a cradle-to-cradle perspective. His work with Nike to understand the impacts of the materials used in their products and also the processes to make those materials was visionary and inspiring to my 19 year old self: tanning leather without toxins, biological-materials for rubber, etc. He drew examples from Hewlett Packard printer design that led to reusable ink cartridges. To me, he was describing innovations in “stuff” and how they would be linked to a larger system implications. And I learned that the study of stuff was called Materials Science & Engineering. So then I decided I wanted to understand the fundamentals of materials’ abilities to help move us to a more sustainable world. I transferred into the engineering school and studied Materials Science and Engineering."

问：您的研究如何适合材料科学与工程亚搏娱乐网页版登陆领域？亚博网站首页

"My research focuses on the environmental and economic implications of materials to try to understand how early on in the development of a material we can understand its system-level impact. As a Materials Industrial Ecologist, I’m interested in designing our industrial systems to be more like natural ecosystems (loop closing, efficient, etc.) through looking at the design of materials, processes and systems. We do this using approaches from life cycle assessment, resource economics, data-driven techniques to experimental work in beneficial use of waste materials and recycling. At MIT, the DMSE community address grand societal challenges by thinking at the tiniest and grandest scales--to rethink the molecular structure of new technology while considering the materials systems within cities and industry."

问：为什么这主题是重要的？真正的世界影响是什么？

“我的研亚搏娱乐网页版登陆究目标是为材料供应链做出贡献，这些材料比以往任何时候都更有效，性价比和环境可持续性。材料生产的温室气体排放和固体废物是由金属，水泥和化学品的体积主导，所以任何减少影响的策略都必须专注于这些材料。预计未来几十年的全球材料需求将在未来几十年中增长2至4倍，并在材料生产的供需方面发现减少这种影响的机会。在供应，材料的生产影响是由提取和细化过程中的能源用途的驱动，以及化学反应的直接排放，因此两个杠杆减少气体排放量为a）通过电网的电力驱动过程生产材料。然后是非化石燃料依赖性，或b）使用改变或减少直接排放的替代原料。在需求方面，策略增加了资源效率材料通过提供具有较少主要材料的同一服务来使用材料。“